schedule c and C1

⭐ SCHEDULE C – BIOLOGICAL & SPECIAL PRODUCTS

Mnemonic → “C = Cold-chain / Critical Biologicals”

Schedule C contains biological, sterile, injectable, and heat-sensitive drugs that require:

• Aseptic manufacturing
• Special storage conditions
• Strict quality control

✅ LIST OF DRUGS IN SCHEDULE C

(Exam asks: “Which of the following belong to Schedule C?”)

1. Sera

• Antisera
• Antitoxins

2. Vaccines

• Bacterial vaccines
• Viral vaccines
• Toxoids

3. Injectable preparations

• Insulin
• Heparin
• Injectable antibiotics
• Parenteral solutions (IV fluids)

4. Blood & Blood Products

• Whole blood
• Packed cells
• Plasma
• Plasma expanders
• Factor VIII/IX

5. Ophthalmic preparations

• Eye drops
• Eye ointments (sterile)

6. Surgical ligatures & sutures

• Catgut sutures
• Absorbable sutures
• Non-absorbable sutures

7. BCG Vaccine & Tuberculin

8. Ergometrine & Oxytocin injections

9. Penicillin & other Antibiotic injectables

✔ All products in Schedule C require sterile conditions.

🧠 Mnemonic to remember Schedule C items → “SVIBOS PLET”

S V I B O S – P L E T

• Sera
• Vaccines
• Injectables
• Blood products
• Ophthalmics
• Sutures
• Penicillin
• Ligatures
• Ergometrine/Oxytocin
• Tuberculin/BCG

⭐ Regulatory Requirements for Schedule C drugs

🔹 1. Manufacturing license – Form 27

🔹 2. License issued – Form 28

🔹 3. Must follow GMP rules (Schedule M)

🔹 4. Must maintain cold chain where required

🔹 5. Batch sterilization, pyrogen-free, endotoxin-free

🔹 6. Strict testing by Central Drugs Laboratory

⭐ SCHEDULE C1 – ADDITIONAL BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS

Mnemonic → “C1 = C + One more special group”

Schedule C1 includes biological products BUT
👉 They are NOT required to be sterile (unlike Schedule C).

✅ LIST OF DRUGS IN SCHEDULE C1

Category	Examples
1. Biological antigens	Bacterial/viral antigens, toxoids
2. Diagnostic agents	Diagnostic reagents (e.g., pregnancy kits, viral antigens)
3. Toxins	Diphtheria toxin, tetanus toxin
4. Antigens used for diagnosis	e.g., Widal antigen
5. Immunological products (Non-injectable)	Extracts & allergens (e.g., pollen extracts)

🔥 Easiest Way to Remember C1

Schedule C1 = Non-sterile biologicals (diagnostic/reagents)

Mnemonic → “C1 = Cards, Kits, Toxins, Antigens”

Examples:

• Widal antigen
• Typhoid O & H antigen
• Rapid test kits
• Diagnostic reagents
• Toxoids (non-injectable)

⭐ Major Differences (MOST IMPORTANT for DI Exam)

Feature	Schedule C	Schedule C1
Sterility	Must be sterile	Not required to be sterile
Products	Vaccines, Sera, Injectables, Sutures, Blood	Reagents, Antigens, Toxins
Examples	Vaccines, insulin, IV fluids	Widal antigen, diagnostic kits
Licence	Form 27 → 28	Form 27 → 28A / 28D
Storage	Mostly cold-chain	Not always
Who tests	Central Drug Laboratory	Govt approved labs

🔥 Exam Q:
“Which schedule contains Widal antigen?” → Schedule C1

🔥 Exam Q:
“Vaccines belong to which schedule?” → Schedule C

🧠 SUPER SHORT MEMORY TRICK

Schedule C = Critical sterile biologicals

Schedule C1 = Clinical kits & antigens (non-sterile)

 

Adrenergic drugs

 

🎯 FLOWCHART SUMMARY – ADRENERGIC DRUGS

                     ADRENERGIC SYSTEM

                            │

            ┌───────────────┴────────────────┐

            │                                │

       Receptors                         Adrenergic Drugs

            │                                │

 ┌──────────┼───────────┐             ┌──────┴──────────────────────┐

 │          │           │             │                             │

 α1         α2         β-Receptors   Direct-Acting                Indirect-Acting

 │          │       (β1, β2, β3)     │                             │

 │          │                        │                             │

Vasoconstr •↓NE                     Catecholamines             NE releasers

Mydriasis  •↓Insulin               (Epi, NE, DA, Dobutamine)   (Amphetamine)

Urine Ret •↓SNS outflow            Non-catecholamines          Reuptake blockers

                                     (Salbutamol, PE,          (Cocaine, TCAs)

                                      Clonidine)                MAO inhibitors

            │                                │

            └──────────────────────┬─────────┘

                                   │

                              Mixed Acting

                              (Ephedrine)

                                   │

                                   ▼

                          Physiological Effects

                                   │

      ┌──────────────────────┬───────────────────────────┬─────────────────────┐

      │                      │                           │                     │

 Cardiovascular         Respiratory                 Eye                    Urogenital

 ↑HR (β1)               Bronchodilation (β2)        Mydriasis (α1)         Tocolysis (β2)

 ↑BP (α1)               ↓Allergy med               ↓IOP (α2)              Bladder relaxation (β3)

 Shock mgmt             Asthma, COPD               Glaucoma mgmt          OAB (Mirabegron)

🎨 COLOR-CODED EXAM REVISION TABLE

(Colors shown in text form so you can recreate easily in notes)

🔵 Blue = Classification

🟢 Green = Receptor / MOA

🟡 Yellow = Uses

🔴 Red = ADRs & Cautions

✅ 1. DRUG CLASSIFICATION TABLE

🔵 Class	Drugs	🟢 MOA	🟡 Uses	🔴 ADRs
Direct-acting Catecholamines	Epinephrine, NE, Dopamine, Dobutamine, Isoproterenol	α, β stimulation	Shock, cardiac arrest, HF	↑BP, arrhythmia
Direct-acting Non-catecholamines	Phenylephrine, Salbutamol, Formoterol, Clonidine, Mirabegron	Selective α1, α2, β2, β3	Asthma, nasal congestion, OAB, hypertension	Tremors, rebound HTN (clonidine)
Indirect-acting	Amphetamine, Tyramine, Cocaine, TCAs	↑ NE release / block reuptake	ADHD, depression	Dependence, HTN
Mixed-acting	Ephedrine, Pseudoephedrine	Direct + indirect	Nasal decongestion	HTN, insomnia

✅ 2. RECEPTOR SUMMARY TABLE

Receptor	🟢 Location	🟡 Function	Common Drugs
α1	Blood vessels, eye	↑ BP, mydriasis	Phenylephrine
α2	Presynaptic CNS	↓ NE release	Clonidine, Brimonidine
β1	Heart, kidney	↑HR, ↑renin	Dobutamine
β2	Lungs, uterus	Bronchodilation, tocolysis	Salbutamol, Terbutaline
β3	Adipose, bladder	Lipolysis, bladder relaxation	Mirabegron
D1/D2	Renal & CNS	Renal vasodilation, ↓ prolactin	Dopamine, Bromocriptine

✅ 3. STRUCTURE–ACTIVITY (SAR) SUMMARY TABLE

Structural Feature (🔵)	Effect (🟢)	Example
Catechol OH (3,4)	↑ Potency, not orally active	Epinephrine
Bulky N-substituent	↑ β-selectivity	Isoproterenol
α-Carbon substitution	Prevents MAO metabolism ↑ duration	Ephedrine
Lack of catechol OH	↑ oral absorption	Salbutamol
Imidazoline ring	α2 selectivity	Clonidine

✅ 4. USES & DRUGS TABLE

Disorder (🟡 Yellow)	Preferred Drug
Asthma	Salbutamol, Formoterol
COPD	Indacaterol, Salmeterol
Nasal congestion	Xylometazoline, Oxymetazoline
Shock	NE, Dopamine
Heart failure	Dobutamine
Overactive bladder	Mirabegron
Glaucoma	Brimonidine
ADHD	Methylphenidate

✅ 5. ADRs TABLE

🔴 ADR	Drugs causing it
Tachycardia	β1 agonists
Tremors	β2 agonists
Hypertension	α1 agonists, NE
Rebound hypertension	Clonidine withdrawal
CNS stimulation	Amphetamine
Hyperglycemia	β2 agonists